DATATYPES IN PYTHON:

The basic data types available in Python language which is similar to other programming languages such as C, C++, Java etc., There are 14 data types in the python programming language and they are as follows:

• INTEGER

• FLOAT

• COMPLEX

• BOOLEAN

• STRING

• BYTES

• BYTE-ARRAY

• LIST

• TUPLE

• SET

• FROZENSET

• RANGE

• DICTIONERY

• NONE

Now these data types are classified as follows:

 

• INTEGER:

“INTEGER” is one of the data type that can represents the whole numbers in Python. To represent integral values we can use integer data-type.

EX:   a=10, b=20 , c=300

We can represent integer in the following forms:

• Binary form
• Octal form
• Hexa Decimal form

Now we are explaining  the different forms of integers:

 

BINARY INTEGER:

To represent any number in binary format we can us  0’s and  1 digits.

To represent binary integer we can use 0b (or) 0B.

Ex-1:

a=0b 101

b=0B 1010

print (a)  #5

print (b) #10

 

Ex-2:

a=0b 101

b=0B 1012

print (a) #5

print (b) #ERROR( BECAUSE 0 AND 1 ARE CONSIDERED)

 

 OCTAL FORM:

To represent a octal number  we can use 0 to 7. and to represent octal integer we can use 0o(zero-alphabet o).

Ex-1:

a=0o 123

b=0o 146

print (a)  # 83

print (b) #102

 

 

Ex-2:

a= 0o 189

b=0o 149

print (a) # ERROR  [ BECAUSE  HERE IN OCTAL FORM THERE IS UPTO 7]

print (b) # ERROR   [ BECAUSE  HERE IN OCTAL FORM THERE IS UPTO 7]

 

 

HEXA DCIMAL FORM:

To represent hexa decimal number we can use 0 to 9 and A, B, C, D, E, F= 16

To represent hexa decimal number we can us X (or) x.

 

Ex-1:

a= 0x 1A

b=OX  ace

print (a) #26

print  (b) # 2766

 

Ex-2:

a=0X boy

b= 0X hen

print  (a) #ERROR

print  (b) #ERROR

• FLOAT:

To represent floating values we can use float data type. Here some of the examples as follows:

Ex-1:

x=10.5

y=15.60

z=120.77

We can represent float values in the form of exponent form

a= 1.2e³

print   (a)# 1200 [ 1.2 * 10³]

 

• COMPLEX:

To represent complex numbers we can use complex data-type. We can represent complex numbers in the form of (a+bj). Here a is a real part, b is a imaginary part

Ex-1:

a=10+2j

b=15-0j

print   (a) # 10+2j

print   (b)  # 15-0j

 

• BOOLEAN:

To represent Boolean data we can use  bool datatype. It is indicate with bool data-type. Some of the examples as follows:

 

 

Ex-1:

a=True

b=False

print  (a)  # True

print ( b)   # False

print  (a+b)  #1

Now, True is internally considered as “1” and False is considered as “ 0”.

Ex-2:

a= true

print  (a) # ERROR  (because we should use capital letter for “T” it is a keyword)

 

• STRING:

 

It is indicated with “str”. To represent  the string type data. We can use str data-type.

Ex-1:

a=”Purna”

b=”tech”

print  (a)   # Purna

print  (b)   # tech

print  (a+b)  # Purnatech

Note-1: If both operands are strings  then  “+” operator acts as concatenation operator. If both operands are numbers then it acts as “+” operator.

Ex-2:

a=” Purna”

b= 5

print  (a+b)   # ERROR( Because “a” is a string and “b” is a number)

Ex:3

a=” Purna”

b= 5

print (a*b)     # PurnaPurnaPurnaPurnaPurna

 

Note-2: Here, first operand is string , second operand must be integer.

Ex-1:

a=’ Purna “ Tech” Solutions ‘

print  (a)   #Purna “ Tech” Solutions

We can assign multi level strings to a variable.

 

 

• BYTES:

It is a predefined  functions. It is a collection  of numbers. The  range is in between [ 0-256 ]. Bytes is immutable (once data is enter it cannot be modified). Bytes contains list of numbers.

Ex-1:

a= [ 12,13,15,25,60,100]

b= bytes(a)

print (b[0])  #12

print (b[1])   #13

 

• BYTE-ARRAY:

 

Byte-array contains list of numbers from [0-256]. Byte-array is  mutable.

 

Ex-1:

a=  [ 12,13,15,25,60,100]

b= bytearray (a)

b[0]=100

print  (b[0])  #100

print  (b)  # [100,13,15,25,60,100]

 

• LIST:

List contains heterogeneous elements. In list there is insertion order is  preserved. Duplicates are allowed. List is mutable. We can represent list of elements in []. There is no length limit. List is growable (elements to be added).

 

Ex-1:

l=[15, 10.5, “purna”, True, 600, 15 ]

print ( l[2])   #purna

print ( l[0:5])  #  [15, 10.5, purna, True, 600] (because the elements are 5-1=6)

print ( l[ : 6])   #[15, 10.5, purna, True, 600]

 

 

• TUPLE:

Tuple contains heterogeneous elements. In tuple there is insertion order is preserved. Duplicates are allowed. Tuple is immutable. We can represent  the element within[]. There is no length limit.

Ex:

t=( 10,20,30,” Purna”,10.5)

print(t(0)  #10

print(t(0:3))  # [10,20,30]

t[0]=100  # ERROR

 

• SET:

Set contains hetrogeneous elements. Insertion order is preserved. Set is growable . Duplicates are not allowed. Set is mutable.

Ex-1:

x=set()

x.add(10)

x.add(“purna”)

x.add(10.5)

x={10, 10.5 ,“ purna”}

 

• FROZENSET:

Example of frozenset : is Web application form of college. It is immutable. Duplicates are not allowed.

Ex:

x={2,3,4,5,10}

y=frozenset(x)              #frozenset({2,3,4,5,10})

 

• RANGE:

To represent series of numbers w can use range datatype.

FORM-1:

It will generates numbers from 0-(n-1)

*Write a program to print following series:

0,1,2,3,4——20

Answer:

for x in range (21)

print(x)    0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20

FORM-2:

range(begin, end)

for x in range(2,10)

print(x)  #2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9

*Write a program to print n natural numbers(n+1)

Answer:        n=int(input(“Enter n”))

for x in range(1,n+1)

print(x)   #1———n

FORM-3:

range(begin ,end ,step)

for x in range(2,20,2)

print(x)  #2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18

 

• DICTIONERY:

To represent key value pairs w can use dict data type. Dict is mutable.

d={   } It refers to empty set.

Ex:

d[100]=”purna”

d[200]=”raju”

d[300]=”srinu”

print(d)    #{100 :”purna” , 200:”raju” , 300:”srinu”}

 

• NONE:

1)

def add(a,b)  [function declaration]

print(a+b)     [implementation]

add(10,20)     [function calling]

2) If function does not return any value then

def add( a,b)

print(a+b)

print(add(10,30))  # 40 None.